Introduction : Ensuring high-quality healthcare delivery is a fundamental goal of health systems worldwide. In India, the National Quality Assurance Standards (NQAS) were introduced to evaluate and enhance healthcare services, including those provided at Primary Health Centers (PHCs). This study examines the NQAS certification status of PHCs, Urban PHCs (UPHCs), and Community Health Centres (CHCs) in Tamil Nadu to identify factors affecting compliance and propose improvement strategies.
Methods : A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2024, encompassing all PHCs, UPHCs, and CHCs in Tamil Nadu. Secondary data on certification status from May 2023 to May 2024 were collected from state-level quality officers, while district-level officers provided insights into reasons for non-certification. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to identify trends and common deficiencies in achieving NQAS certification.
RESULTS: Among 2,127 Primary Health Centers (PHC) facilities, 469 received full certification, 83 were certified with conditions, and 17 were deferred. Key deficiencies were identified in quality management, patient rights, and service outcomes. Deferred CHCs often failed to meet criteria related to blood storage management and outsourced service monitoring, while PHCs and UPHCs struggled with inpatient care, national health programs, and infection control measures.
DISCUSSION:The study highlights gaps in infrastructure, workforce capacity, and adherence to standardized protocols. Addressing these deficiencies requires regular internal assessments, targeted training, and policy reforms. Digital tools like GUNAK and patient feedback applications can support quality monitoring and engagement.
CONCLUSION: Strengthening PHC services in Tamil Nadu necessitates an integrated approach involving capacity building, infrastructure development, and evidence-based quality improvement models. The study’s findings provide insights for program implementers to enhance primary healthcare delivery and achieve sustained NQAS compliance.