INTRODUCTION : The global burden of hypertension was estimated to be around 1.4 billion in 2010, likely to surpass 1.6 billion by 2025. Diabetes Mellitus has quadrupled in the last three decades and ranks as the ninth major cause of death. The objective of the study is to analyze the trends in mortality for Hypertensive Heart Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Tamil Nadu from 2000 to 2021.
METHODOLOGY : The study design was a descriptive analysis of the Medical Certification of Cause of Death (MCCD) annual reports of Tamil Nadu State for the period 2000 to 2021. The MCCD annual reports from 2000 to 2021 and the required data were collected as soft copy from the Department of SBHI for Tamil Nadu and from 2008 to 2020 for India. The data for 2013 was not available. Data were analyzed by calculating proportions by subgroups for each year overall, by age, and by gender from 2000 to 2021.
RESULTS : The percentage of deaths due to Hypertensive Diseases decreased in Tamil Nadu during 2021 overall by 2.2%, and in both genders (Male: 2.1%, Female: 2.4%). The trend was not stable, with continuous increases and decreases through the years. Female mortality due to Hypertensive Diseases has been high since 2002 till 2021, except for 2014 & 2016. The percentage of cases due to Hypertensive Diseases in the age group 15 to 44 years was higher in males from 2000 to 2021 in Tamil Nadu. The percentage of deaths due to diabetes mellitus started to decline by 1.8% in 2021 compared to the previous year. Overall, female mortality due to diabetes mellitus has been high since 2000 till 2021 in Tamil Nadu. The percentage of cases in the age group 15 to 44 years was higher in males from 2000 to 2021 in Tamil Nadu.
CONCLUSION : The percentage of deaths due to Hypertensive Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus has started to decrease in Tamil Nadu during 2021, in both genders compared to previous years, although the percentage was higher for Diabetes Mellitus compared to 2000. Female mortality was higher due to Hypertensive Diseases and Diabetes Mellitus overall and in the age group 45 years and above.